Tuesday, August 25, 2020

The effect of national culture on Commitment forms within Essay

The impact of national culture on Commitment shapes inside global joint endeavor - Essay Example the gigantic populace development which had happened in the Arab world because of work openings identified with oil supplies bringing about significant worldwide movement to nations, for example, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. Such migration is fundamentally from encompassing nations (Ali, 1986). Such enormous scope migration happens in light of the fact that there is a deficiency of national work implies there is a need to look for non-national laborers who at that point wind up making national a minority inside their own nation (Ali, 1986). Hence this circumstance brings about creation the national culture a minority inside its own condition and has huge ramifications for that culture. Ali gives information to demonstrate this declaration. For instance, the national populace living in the United Arab Emirates has declined from 36 percent in 1975 to 17 percent in 1986 (Ali, 1986). In 1986 it was anticipated that the extent of nationals living in Saudi Arabia would tumble to 9 percent in 1990 and 2.5 percent in 2000 (Ali, 1986). In examination in 1983 the Indian populace living in the United Arab Emirates numbered 300,000, which was one and a half times the quantity of nationals living in the nation (Ali, 1986). Ali proceeded to investigate the reasons why nations, for example, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates relied upon non-national workforces. A few components proposed by Ali (1986) incorporated the generally youthful age of the number of inhabitants in the Arab Gulf States’. For instance in 1975 45 percent of the populaces of these states were under 15 (Hamady, 1978; refered to by Ali, 1986). Additionally, there is a high absence of education rate in the Arab Gulf States’. In 1978 the pace of lack of education in this gathering seethed from 31 percent in the United Arab Emirates to 57 percent of the number of inhabitants in Saudi Arabia (Al-Atiah, 1983; refered to by Ali, 1986). These high ignorance rates are because of is sues in the training framework which doesn't have the ability to give satisfactory instructive and specialized aptitudes (Ali, 1986). This is expected to the

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Outline and Evaluate the View That free essay sample

Layout and assess the view that adolescent culture is made by the economy (33) Youth culture is the manner by which young people act and act in the public arena. It is the cliché conduct and look that individuals choose to interface with young people. Youth culture is made by a wide range of things in the public eye one of which is the economy. The economy impacts the making of youth culture. It benefits significantly from the adolescent being better instructed and increasingly develop, because of this the school leaving age has been broadened. As an approach to save youngsters in training for longer the administration has begun to pay EMA to those whose families have low salary. Youngsters are additionally the perfect individuals to occupy the low maintenance employments inside the economy as they are edgy for the development and opportunity to procure their own cash. Because of the economy numerous youngsters have more cash to spend, this at that point causes the advancement in Youth Culture. We will compose a custom paper test on Framework and Evaluate the View That or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Likewise globalization could have a significant impact of the development of youth culture. As these days youngsters are impacted side-effects and distinctive overall patterns coming over from places everywhere throughout the world. This is the same old thing yet as of late has gotten progressively well known with things, for example, Hollister and Superdry coming over from America and Japan, however, harking back to the 1950’s Teddy Boys and Girls were additionally affected by the American style. Todays impacts don’t simply originate from America they originate from worldwide the same number of things are being imported from places like China, India and Europe. Globalization has assumed an immense job in the improvement of half breed subcultures. It is firmly connected with style as style is a key element in the UK. Style is basic to all subcultures, it is the thing that shows off their individality. Nonconformists, Punks and Teddy Boys wouldn’t be noticable without style. Polhemus 1997 said â€Å"we see a general public where what you wear, how you wear it and where it is from all matter†. In spite of the fact that in the event that it wasn’t for a sound economy youth would not have the option to manage the cost of the new styles and patterns. Media could have a tremendous influence in the production of youth culture. The media publicizes things, for example, music and design and impacts the perspectives on youth. Magazines bigly affect womanliness and have been gigantically well known since the 1970. Magazines, for example, Cosmopolitan and Vogue are mostly focused at a more youthful crowd. Television slots are likewise focused at a more youthful crowd and projects are starting to impact the conduct of youth. Thorton 1995 cases that the media are largerly liable for the production of youth culture and subcultures. Youngsters gain information about various subcultures and youth societies through the various types of media, for example, TV, web and music. This carries high status to the young people of today which makes the economy look great. It could likewise be contended that utilization has an influence in the formation of youth culture. Youngsters are continually focused by organizations because of the cash they need to spend on customer and relaxation based merchandise. The utilization of youth has spread generally as the availability to the high road and web has made it significantly simpler to shop. Utilization is firmly connected to economy supposing that it wasn’t for the economy the adolescent would not have the cash to spend on specific merchandise. Training could likewise bigly affect the making of youth culture because of the reality it is the place the greater part of the socialization occurs for youngsters. The school leaving age got raised to 15 after the subsequent universal war and in 1972 got raised to 16, where it remains. In spite of the fact that during the 21st century there is motivation to trust it will be raised again to 17/18. The purpose behind this was for having better instructed youngsters as well as to keep youngsters out of the work environment and off the joblessness measurements. By raising the school leaving age adolescents have increasingly more an ideal opportunity to go through with their companions and mingle. This implies there is increasingly chance for youth culture to create as youngsters are around their friends for more. This likewise draws out the time of youth as they don’t need to develop and grow up as fast as they needed to, thinking back to the 1960s. Segment patterns could likewise have a major job in the formation of youth culture. After the subsequent world war there was a time of increased birth rates in the UK because of people coming back from their wartime obligations. There was a tremendous populace development during the 1940s which implied that all the children from that point were all youngsters during the 1950s and mid 60s. This was additionally the time where the adolescent culture was first noted. This was likewise toward the finish of the war when there were no more rationings and the nation was always developing, individuals had cash as there was an expanding number of occupations and new patterns were starting to develop. This implied the young people of the time all began to dress with a specific goal in mind which was distinctive to previously. Anyway this is likewise connected back to the economy, as the economy was in a more beneficial state prompting the segment patterns. The economy had a colossal impact in the making of youth culture. It was firmly connected with all the variables engaged with the improvement of youth culture. On the off chance that it wasn’t for a sound economy youth wouldn’t have the cash to spend on things. There additionally wouldn’t be patterns rolling in from America which impact the adolescent societies and sub societies. Albeit all components assume a major job in making youth culture.

Reaction of Butanols with Hydrobromic Acid Essay Example

Response of Butanols with Hydrobromic Acid Paper For this test our essential objective was to watch and note the response of butanols with hydrobromic corrosive. Before the lab started we talked about and proposed instruments. (see Mechanisms) To start this examination we determined the amount of every material we would have been utilizing, and the numbers we decided to utilize contrasted from our reference message somewhat. We utilized 6. mL of our alloted butanol and just 4 mL of sulfuric corrosive. Returning to our response instruments, we were taking a gander at SNI and SN2 responses, so we obviously utilized the hydrobromic corrosive as our corrosive atalyst which would be protonating the hydroxyl gathering of our butanol, to improve a leaving gathering, so the bromine radical would have the option to assault the extra carbocation. Our gathering utilized 2-bromobutanol and we expected, from our instrument, to accomplish 2-bromobutane and when we contrasted our GC results with the readied test, our system end up being valid. We had some little hiccups in our investigation, however not exactly the greater part of the class, for instance, after refining, when we were drying our natural layer (containing our example) with anhydrous sodium ulfate, we couldn't accomplish to clear shading we were advised to expect despite the fact that our sodium sulfate dabs we done amassing. We invested additional energy attempting to pick up the reasonable shading for our example to be gone through GC, yet in the long run needed to run it with no guarantees and it ended up being generally liberated from pollutions, similar to the water we thought was abandoned. Likewise, our lab reference called for us to get an IR range, yet we ran gas chromatography rather and it, alongside our readied reference of potential items, demonstrated Just as effective in ID. We didn't quantify the softening purpose of our item either. We will compose a custom exposition test on Reaction of Butanols with Hydrobromic Acid explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Reaction of Butanols with Hydrobromic Acid explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Reaction of Butanols with Hydrobromic Acid explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer

Friday, August 21, 2020

Utopia Securing a Society free essay sample

The paper looks at how sin and awesome requital can control a general public, as set out in Mores Utopia. This paper talks about the book Utopia, and how Sir Thomas More investigates how a general public can be constrained by the danger of perfect reprisal. The creator inspects Mores position that the best way to stop man from the delights of transgression was the chance of perfect reprisal by investigating, for instance, the profound substance, Mithra and the discipline of lawbreakers. The paper likewise takes a gander at the political and strict air predominant in More?s society. The image painted by Sir Thomas More in his book, Utopia can be deciphered by various individuals in various manners. Some leave the involvement in the understanding that More was a visionary with a profoundly itemized perspective on the future, while others consider him to be a man longing for an ascetic past. Whichever understanding is right, and there are numerous degrees between the two, Sir Thomas More can be viewed as a man who held the idea that man had a characteristic affinity for transgression. We will compose a custom paper test on Perfect world: Securing a Society or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page He accepted that transgression, particularly pride, was troublesome to both man and society. More felt that the best way to deflect man from the delights of wrongdoing was to undermine him with the potential agonies of perfect revenge.

Tuesday, August 4, 2020

Ups and Downs

Ups and Downs Not gonna lie, my happy-to-sad ratio is a little sad-heavy at the moment. In the past three days, three separate experiments have gone wrong at lab. The procedures involved in these experiments (fluorescent in situ hybridization, cell-seeding, imaging, etc) are well-established, widely-accepted, and straightforward procedures, which makes me all the more upset that my experiments have not been working out. Generally, when I make mistakes occur at lab, I mourn for about ten minutes, then move on with my life. My grad students policy is you can make every mistake once. I dont think Ive ever pushed the bounds of mistake-making as far as I have this summer, lol. Except with these three experiments, Im 100% sure that I did everything correctly. Ive mentally run through each and every one of my actions over and over and over again. I have no idea why my experimental results emerged as they did. After 3 days and not my usual ten minutes of moping, Ive finally decided to take a different perspective on this problem. Im going to see this situation as a learning experience, a chance to learn more about the cells Im working with, and the latest in this hepatocyte-centered scientific field. This is turn explains why Ive spent the last two hours of my life scavenging about Google Scholar, downloading 10+ papers, and reading through all of them. Ive picked up so many random but interesting deets on hepatocyte behavior and challenges other scientists in the field have encountered. A frazzled post-doc in my lab today told me that science is all about failure. Reading these papers has showed me that yeah, science is about failure but more than that, its about seeing failures as interesting avenues to explore, as potential for future experimentation. Thats how Im planning on approaching it anyway. In other news, Ive fallen in love! With Boston sunrises :) Check it out:

Sunday, June 28, 2020

Cesare Deccaria Essay - 550 Words

Cesare Deccaria (Essay Sample) Content: Cesare BeccariaInstitutionDate Cesare Beccaria In the eighteenth century, the death penalty excited widespread horror and fear in all European countries. The rate of torture was quite high since methods of state murder meant that victims would undergo slow and painful strangulation on the gallows. Besides this, their limbs would also be torn apart during torture. The death penalty cast its ominous shadow everywhere, and this meant that it would not only deal with very serious crimes, but also minor crimes like stealing someones handkerchief would lead to the death penalty. The criminal systems around the world became very serious in a way that torture became a universal form of punishment regardless of whether a country was considered civilized or not (Schulz, 2007). In many countries such as Italy, France, and Russia, secret accusations were endemic, and these forms of punishment were done behind closed doors. After seeing the enforcement of this law, a man called Ce sare of Beccaria challenged the status quo. His main intention was to change this ruthless form of punishment that looked more of vengeance, and long-standing customs from the past with a scientific approach based more on humanity, and reason. With his bravery, Cesare Beccaria came up with his seminal work on crimes, and punishments, which became the first theory of penal law, and it continues to provoke fresh thinking about criminal justice today. Beccaria studied law, and as he was still studying, he had the issue of criminal punishment in mind because he believed that he could make a change on the criminal procedure. Cesare declares that penal, laws, and otherwise ought to be written in a language that is understood by people. This helped a lot when interpreting the message that explained the nature of crime that victims committed without making unnecessary assumptions. Through this, it becomes easier to interpret information, and judge the results. Most of the rules of criminal justice system emanated from the laws that Beccaria introduced, and since these laws focus on human rights, modern criminal justice systems continues to implement them. His success in the eighteenth century was so great, and in the modern world, we have accepted the changes he inspired without having the upheaval thoughts in mind (Beccaria, 2009). Beccaria is among the first people who offered a solution to criminal justice issues after the world thought that brutality was the only solution to these issues. The concept of human rights had not been understood clearly in the eighteenth century, and this is why Beccaria was able to introduce the ideology of humanity, and reason to solve criminal cases. The approach that Beccaria took has helped in many ways since it entails solving issues that have changed generations. It would be an absurd folly to expect such a revolution, which would be effected by very violent means, and hold out an uncertain prospect of compensation. In conclusio n, it is easy to deal with issues on crimes, and capital punishment because there is no much use of torture. The present generation is a fortune because Beccaria offered solutions to most of the issues that would be absurd if no solutions were found...

Saturday, May 23, 2020

Amazing Things You Didn Isn T Know About Wordpress And...

OP78820 AMAZING THINGS YOU DIDN’T KNOW ABOUT WORDPRESS AND WOOCOMMERCE Introduction When it comes to web design and development, site creators like to make use of platforms that can give them all the tools they require to create a functional website with ease. It is also very essential that the web development software is affordable. Web developers often go for platforms that offer the best prices on themes and other features for the website being created. Wordpress and Woo Commerce are among the most popular platforms used for web design and web development. WordPress is the most popular CMS on the web. Created by Matt Mullenweg and Mike Little, it has reached heights that very few have attained in just 11 years. WooCommerce is one of the easiest platforms used when creating websites with E-commerce functionality. They have succeeded in enabling a lot of small businesses and startups reach out to their customers effectively. WooCommerce has greatly contributed to the growth of E-commerce since its inception. Lets take a look at some of the amazing things you didn’t know about WordPress and WooCommerce. Amazing things you didn’t know about WordPress †¢ Top Companies around the world make use of WordPress: A lot of people do not know this, but a lot of top companies in the world today run their blogs on WordPress. CNN, The New York Times, eBay and Mashable all run on WordPress. They all make use of the most popular CMS in the world for their blogs because WordPress makes

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

The Man Who Was Socrates Essay - 1439 Words

In Platos account of the death of Socrates, The Apology, the Greek philosopher and gadfly explains to his disciples why and how it is that he is able to accept his death sentence without fear or regret. The main thrust of Socrates position is that he prefers death to abandoning his principles, by which he means the right to speak and act freely and according to his convictions. Socrates is not entirely idealistic or irrational in his preference for death; he admits that he is old, that he has no irreplaceable attachments or obligations, and that he has accomplished most of what he set out to do in life. But at the same time, he offers compelling reasons why he should follow his convictions rather than obey his instinct for†¦show more content†¦Once more then, let us take their affidavit against me, as if they were another set of accusers. This is how it runs: It says that Socrates is a criminal, who corrupts the young and does not believe in the gods whom the state believes in, but other new spiritual things instead... It says I am a criminal who corrupts the young. But I say, gentlemen, that Meletos is a criminal who is making a jest of serious things by prosecuting people lightly... (Plato, 1956:429) Socrates is unafraid to turn the tables on his accusers, and to use his familiar Socratic method of dialogue and query to make fools of them. He shops in an instant, for example, that Meletos has no idea what the meaning of the charges against him are, and does not really care a bit about the corruption of the young. He mocks the suggestions of Meletos and others that they, so much younger, are better able to know what is good and what is bad in human beings. So when Socrates tells the court that he will never give way to another man on matters of principle or living convictions, he is telling the jury of five hundred of his fellow Athenians that he is willing to stand up to judgment and pay the price of his beliefs. As usual, Socrates defies his opponents to prove him wrong or to dissuade him from his opinions and beliefs. The second major reason Socrates gives for standingShow MoreRelatedPlatos The Allegory of the Cave as Means to Explain The Apology1672 Words   |  7 Pagesmeans to better decipher â€Å"The Apology of Socrates.† Plato himself never appears in either dialogue, but it is clear that he disagrees with how Socrates’s trial ended and hopes to prevent another unneeded execution in the future. In â€Å"The Apology of Socrates,† Socrates is accused of not recognizing the gods of the state and of corrupting the youth of Athens. Despite the many instances in which these allegations are challenged and, quite frankly, disproved, Socrates is still put to death. â€Å"The AllegoryRead MoreReaction Paper On Socrates1250 Words   |  5 PagesSocrates was born in circa 470 BC, in Athens Greece. The way we know about Socrates life through the writing of his fellow students, including Plato and Xenophon. In this paper, I will be discussing: the problem that most of his fellow citizens have against him and how can philosophy help us. The kind values that Socrates defends through his trail, and how the knowledge and virtue are required fo r a meaningful life. First, what from his perspective, is the problem that most of his fellow citizensRead MoreSocrates: Wise and Influential843 Words   |  4 PagesSocrates: Wise and Influential Look into the eyes of the bust of Socrates and you can almost see what he saw in the universe. It looks as though his wisdom is unsurmountable, as he did believe himself to be the most brilliant man in the universe, while also knowing for sure: the only thing he knows is that he doesn’t know anything. Unlike the famous Kouros statues that were all alike and used for a certain purpose of a grave maker, or shrine to the gods, the portrait of Socrates shows depth andRead MoreEuthyphro1547 Words   |  7 Pagesone of the many dialogues written by the Greek philosopher Plato documenting the quest for wisdom by his mentor, Socrates. The time that The Euthyphro takes place is preceding a trial that Socrates is in concerning some allegations that he was corrupting the youth of Athens, and ultimately leads to his demise. But it is a very important dialogue due to how it shows the methods Socrates used to try to gain wisdom, and gives some insight on his and or Platos view on holin ess altogether. In all, theRead MoreSocrates And The Early Athenian Era845 Words   |  4 PagesSocrates, a well-known philosopher of the early Athenian era, is believed to be one of the wisest and virtuous philosophers of all time. This belief holds true in the encounters of Symposium by Plato, as depicted by Alcibiades during a symposium held by Agathon. Alcibiades, the last to speak at the symposium, derails from the topic of the night, love, and elicits much praise and gratitude for Socrates. Although Alcibiades did not witness the speech given by Socrates on love, he manages to depictRead MoreThe Apology: The Understanding of the Soul in Life and Death Essay1735 Words   |  7 Pagesbrief synopsis of each major theme, with an analysis and my opinion following, and ending with the question of Socrates own death. Firstly, Plato introduces the important concept that it is far worse for one to do wrong than to suffer wrongdoing. Socrates, refusing to be harmed by Meletus, believes that â€Å"it is not allowed that a good man be injured by a worse† (pg. 41). Despite Socrates impending death or banishment, he does not think that these are the worst possible situations and still goesRead MoreSocrates : A Man By The Name Of Socrates963 Words   |  4 PagesIn 469 B.C. a man by the name of Socrates was born. Socrates was a very wise man that cared about doing the right thing. He believed that the best ways to develop ideas was in the give and take of conversation, and that the best way to educate people was to ask them a series of questions leading in a particular direction (now named â€Å"Socrates method). Socrates had been quick to identify the drawbacks of democracy, and he had also been the teacher of two men who in different ways harmed Athens: AlcibiadesRead MoreAccusations Again st Socrates1014 Words   |  5 PagesPrising Accusations against Socrates Even though the conception that Socrates corrupted the youth and posed a threat to society was a factor, the most direct reason why Socrates was executed was his method to question wise Athenians. The Socratic method iniciated the corruption of youth by young men who tried to imitate Socrates and as a result, posed a threat to society since the next generation may not follow traditional Athenian rules. Early on, Socrates had clearly established to theRead MoreAnalyzing The Ways That Plato Is An Unusual Epic Hero946 Words   |  4 PagesTroy to the winding streets of Athens, the ancient West was fascinated by epic heroes. Bards sang poems about the fleet footed Achilles and the cunning Odysseus. Every man, woman, and child knew the stories of Jason, Hercules, and Hector. However, there is one man who achieved fame akin to the epic heroes of olden times with neither strength nor skill. His name was Socrates. In ancient Greece, Socrates was the most famous celebrity. Today, Socrates is perhaps more famous than any epic hero. In an articleRead MoreEssay on The Trial of Socrates655 Words   |  3 Pages Socrates was accused of being a sophist because he was engaging in inquiries into things beneath the earth and in the heavens, of making the weaker argument appear the stronger, and teaching others these same things. (Apology, Plato, Philosophic Classics page 21) Socrates is also ac cused of denying the existence of the gods, and corrupting the youth. Socrates goes about trying to prove his innocence. The jury that Socrates was tried by was made up of 501 Athenian citizens of all classes

Monday, May 11, 2020

Certificate of Need Project - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1183 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Medicine Essay Type Narrative essay Level High school Did you like this example? Certificate of Need Project The Certificate of Need (CON) program is a mechanism used by some states to restrain or control health care facility costs and to allow for the coordinated planning of new services and construction. The CON program was created by the National Health Planning and Resource Development Act (à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“NHPRDAà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ) in 1974. After the passage of NHPRDA states not having a CON process begin establishing rules for the CON process at the state level. In 1986 the Federal CON mandate was repealed, allowing states to determine its own CON process, if any at all. This paper will discuss Floridaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s CON process to include facilities requiring CON, steps in the CON process, appeals process, and exempt geographic locations. The CON program began in Florida in the year of 1973 with a primary reason for establishment being the promotion of cost containment by controlling unnecessary duplication of health care services and facilities. Floridaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s CON regulatory process is governed by the Florida Statutes sections 408.031 through 408.045 and the Florida Administrative Code Chapter 59C-1. Since 1992 Floridaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s CON program has been administered by the Agency for Health Care Administration (AHCA). Floridaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s CON regulatory process requires certain health care providers to obtain state approval before offering new or modified services. Facilities that require a CON (FS 408.036) Currently Floridaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s CON program regulates acute care hospitals, long-term care facilities, nursing homes, hospices, intermediate care facilities; services include neo-natal intensive care services, organ transplant services, open heart surgery, substance/drug abuse services, and psychiatric servicesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ requiring these healthcare facilities and service areas to go through the CON process. Florida Statutes section 408.036 identifies the following heal thcare related projects subject to CON review by way of an application with AHCA: (1) addition of beds in community nursing homes or intermediate care facilities for the developmentally disabled by new construction or alteration; (2) new construction or establishment of additional health care facilities, including a replacement health care facility when the proposed project site is not located on the same site as or within 1 mile of the existing health care facility, if the number of beds in each licensed bed category will not increase; (3) conversion from one type of health care facility to another, including the conversion from a general hospital, a specialty hospital, or a long-term care hospital; (4) establishment of a hospice or hospice inpatient facility; (5) increase in the number of beds for comprehensive rehabilitation; and (6) establishment of tertiary health services, including inpatient comprehensive rehabilitation services. Steps in Floridaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s CON pro cess (FS 408.039) The CON application steps are inclusive of a letter of intent, application review, and staff recommendation and decision from AHCA. The CON review process is funded through the collection of fees assessed to the CON applicantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ minimum base fee of $10,000 and an additional 0.015 of each dollar of proposed expenditure with the total fee not exceed $50,000. A letter of intent is to be filed at least 30 days prior to the published application deadline due date for the particular batching cycle. The letter of intent must contain a description of the proposed project; specify the number of beds sought, if any; identify the services to be provided; the location; and identify the applicant. Within 21 days after the letter of intent is received, AHCA publishes notice of letters of intent filed in the Florida Administrative Register. Following the letter of intent, the applicant has to file an application to the agency along with the $10,000 fee. Wit hin 15 days after the application filing deadline, AHCA has to determine if the application is complete. If the application is incomplete, AHCA can provide a one-time written response to the applicant indicating the section(s) of the application that are incomplete and request specific information from the applicant that would be necessary to complete the application. AHCAà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s requested information has to be filed within 21 days after the applicantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s receipt of the request. Requested information not timely received, the application will be deemed incomplete and deemed withdrawn from consideration. Fourteen days after the notice of application has been filed, the applicant or a substantially affected person can request a public hearing which may be held at the agencyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s discretion. Twenty one days after the application is deemed complete, a local-level public hearing has to be held. A public hearing allows all parties to present their p ositions and any rebuttal information. The public hearing has to have a verbatim record of the hearing. Within 60 days after all the applications in the batching cycle are deemed complete, AHCA will issue a State Agency Action Report and Notice of Intent to (1) grant a CON in its entirety, (2) grant a CON for identifiable portions of the project, or (3) deny the CON. AHCA shall publish its proposed decision within 14 days after the Notice of Intent is issued. If an administrative hearing is not requested, the State Agency Action Report and the Notice of Intent will become the agencyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s final order with a copy provided to the appropriate local health council. Appeal process once the CON is granted (FS 408.039) The administrative appeals process ensures that all applicants are entitled to challenge the initial decision of the Agency through the administrative hearing process. Any party requesting an administrative hearing must do so within 21 days after AHCAà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Notice of Intent is published in the Florida Administrative Register. Hearings shall be held in Tallahassee unless the administrative law judge (ALJ) determines that changing the location will facilitate the proceedings. Unless an ALJ issues a continuance, hearings will be held within 60 days of the ALJ being assigned to the case. A recommended order will be issued by the judge. After the recommended order is issued, AHCA must issue its final order within 45 days. Any party to an administrative hearing has the right to seek a judicial review from the District Court of Appeals within 30 days of the date of the final order. AHCA is party to all such proceedings. During the review, the court will affirm the final order unless it is arbitrary, capricious or not in compliance with applicable Statutes. Geographic location exempt from CON (FS 408.036) With the exception of eligible rural geographic locations, the Florida Statues did not address locations exempt from CON process. When exemptions are allowed, AHCA has the authority to exempt eligible services from the CON project review process. Exemptions includes hospice services or swing beds in a rural hospital when one-half of its licensed beds is not exceeded and also conversion of licensed acute care hospital beds to Medicare and Medicaid certified skilled nursing beds in a rural hospital when construction of new facility is not involved and/or the total number of skilled nursing beds do not exceed one-half of the total number of licensed beds in the rural hospital. Other services exempt from CON process includes inmate health care facilities built by or for the exclusive use of the Department of Corrections and also state veteransà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ nursing homes operated by or on behalf of the Florida Department of Veteransà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Affairs. Resource: The 2014 Florida Statutes, sections 408.031 through 408.045. Retrieved October 22, 2014 from https://www.leg.state.fl.us /Statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_StatuteURL=0400- 0499/0408/0408.html Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Certificate of Need Project" essay for you Create order

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

My Personal Philosophy Of Life - 1813 Words

Over the past seven weeks of being enrolled in the Philosophy class, I have learned about the different aspects of life, the beliefs and behaviors of individuals. In this summary paper, I’m going to be discussing topics such as, the nature of humankind, diagnosis of what is wrong with humankind, the prescription for making it right, our intellectual difficulties or remaining unresolved issues, my personal values and mission, organizational values and business ethics. My personal philosophy of life is to live in peace with everyone, treating them the way I will like to be treated, and believing in the God who created the universal. I’m a Christian who believes we were all created by God in his own image, and that we are all equal, no matter what our status are in life. In discussing the nature of humankind. When I was growing up as a child, there were so many things I didn’t understand about life. I found it very difficult to accept the fact that we were all creat ed by God. As I grew older, I started reading the Bible for myself and it helped me understand the creation story in the book of Genesis. Then God said, â€Å"Let us make mankind in our image, in our likeness, so that they may rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky, over the livestock and all the wild animals, and over all the creatures that move along the ground.† So God created mankind in his own image, in the image of God he created them; male and female he created them (Genesis 1:26 27). HisShow MoreRelatedMy Personal Philosophy Of Life2218 Words   |  9 PagesPersonal philosophy is something that plays a tremendous role in the life of every individual. Everyone have a different point of view about life, we cannot expect everyone to have the same philosophy of life. Philosophy of life will be different between each person. Two people will never have the same philosophy of life. 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Because the way I perceive my life to date is how I have been able to assemble the three things I value most in it: stayingRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Has Changed My Life1351 Words   |  6 Pages My personal philosophy has grown greatly since starting Palmer College of Chiropractic. Before coming to school I did not know that even a philosophy existed. I knew I wanted to join this profession because I got a glimpse of what Chiropractic care can do to people. While deciding what school I wanted to attend, I weighed heavily how many techniques were taught, how many clubs were offered, and what study abroad options were available. Palmer Davenport was last on my list. I already sent in myRead MoreEthics Philosophy : Ethics And Ethics Essay976 Words   |  4 PagesEthics Philosophy A personal ethics philosophy helps a person to maintain and employ good morals and values that are important in a one’s life. Understanding the importance of ethics is critical in order to consciously work to develop and effectively utilize ethics. Therefore, accepting the importance of one’s ethical philosophy will result in ethical decision-making, therefore developing the ability to put ethical theory into practice create ethical conditions albeit, personal and professionalRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Nursing1715 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal Philosophy of Nursing Throughout all of life, there is only a finite amount of time before a living organism perishes out of this world. When regarding human beings specifically, their lifespans on earth are a blink of an eye. However, this blink of an eye has varied throughout all of recorded history. Through the practice of medicine, the human race has increased life expectancy by not only years, but decades. With the help of famous theorists such as Castillo Roy, and Imogene King, theRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Nursing1454 Words   |  6 Pages Personal Philosophy of Nursing Kendra Jackson Bon Secours Memorial College of Nursing October 8, 2014â€Æ' Introduction The nursing profession cannot be summarized using one word or statement. According to the American Nursing Association, nursing is â€Å"the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communitiesRead MoreEssay about Personal Educational Philosophy1069 Words   |  5 Pagespaper is my personal educational philosophy statement. It represents my ideas and values about teaching and learning; it reveals my personal teaching beliefs and their relation to the five major established educational philosophies; it shows my role and responsibilities in educational process. I place great significance on personal style of instruction and its influence on curriculum implementation. The paper also highlights my career aspiration and orientation. Personal EducationalRead MoreThe Philosophy : The Moral Life Essay1164 Words   |  5 Pagesmajor philosophies- Utilitarianism, Deontology, and Feminism. These three philosophies come up frequently in my life. I judge an event in which philosophy is the main focus. In addition, I like to use these three principles in my moral judgments and decisions. Reaching the end of this class and semester I can say that my knowledge of these three philosophies has expanded immensely. The critical, informational, and literary aspects (stories that provide analysis) of the book The Moral Life has helped

Missions of the Church of the Nazarene Free Essays

Evangelical Protestantism really began with John Wesley, arguably one of the most charismatic, thoughtful and persuasive of the new brand of preacher appearing in America in the 18th century.   The Methodist movement was built around an idea directly opposed to the Calvinist concept of pre-destination.   What Methodism centered on was the idea that anyone could be ‘saved’. We will write a custom essay sample on Missions of the Church of the Nazarene or any similar topic only for you Order Now    But, as that concept was Arminian, that salvation is possible only through Grace, and that grace could not be earned through acts of humanity. John Wesley introduced and championed the idea that it was possible to elevate the human heart and mind, through communion, prayer   and spiritual meditation, to a state of ‘Christian Perfection’.   At the turn of the 20th century, in addition to all of the other fundamental changes in society including the industrial revolution, the rise of American power in the world, and the end of slavery and the pacification of the South, religion and religious belief had again become a central part of American life. Into this flux, and in an effort to resolve the growing crisis of conflicting faiths and an increasing splintering of Methodism, a unifying theology appeared.   Combining all of the Methodist Pentecostal denominations and the Holiness Church of Christ and five other denominations, the Church of the Nazarene emerged under the combined umbrella of Harding and the Holiness Movement – neither of which had been combined previously on such large scale.  Ã‚   The new Church of the Nazarene, which combined churches in Europe, North and South America began expanding while simultaneously absorbing other holiness churches and upon very active missionary that continues today.   It is the purpose of this paper to present the state of the Church of the Nazarene and how its missionary history helped it to continue to grow and expand into the twenty-first century. The Nazarene Church missions have, historically, placed themselves directly in the center of crises.   It is no coincidence that all of the denominations that came together to form the Church of the Nazarene were missionary churches.   At the beginning, â€Å"the Nazarenes had 52 churches with 3,827 members, while the Pentecostals numbered 47  churches with 2,371 members. The union made a combined list of 99 churches and 6,198 members,†[1].Harding’s message was that while God had chosen to give every human being a certain quality of pure grace that could not be removed or augmented by human action, it was within our grasp to become closer to God through the rituals of faith. The Church of the Nazarene took up the Great Commission, that â€Å"all peoples on earth will be blessed through you† (Genesis 12:3) and, in the final chapter of Matthew, â€Å"Go and make disciples of all the nations of the world, baptize them in the name of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit, and teach them to obey everything I have commanded to you,† (Matthew 28:18-20).   It then began to spread itself vigorously to every corner of the world seeking to fulfill that very mission[2].   Indeed, it would later become the requirement that all senior members of the church and, in particular, all ministers, complete missionary work. Nazarene Church missions have taken several different forms over the course of the past century.  Ã‚   The first, clearly, was the outreach missionary work that followed the traditional lines of church work.   The second, was the establishment of Nazarene Church colleges throughout the world.   The third, was the combined efforts of all Nazarene churches and associations throughout the world under one charter and mission, to keep the Great Commission. The first Nazarene Church missions began taking place shortly after the creation of the institution. As the main centers of the church, at the time of inception, were on the East and West coasts of the United States.   From the Eastern churches emerged Susan Fitkin and her partner Harrison F. Reynolds.   Fitkin and Reynolds based their missions upon a divine revelation of Fitkin’s – that she had been selected by God to spread His word throughout the world and that missionary work was the most powerful and significant of the works that any human could perform for God. Fitkin then stirred up the passions of the church for missions and, in particular, missions to traditionally non-Christian nations.   Fitkin’s work directly influenced the direction of Nazarene missions then and today.   It was because of Fitkin that the Nazarene Church made missionary work the centerpiece of the expression of their faith. Following upon Fitkin’s example, Dorothy Fay Davis took up the leadership reins at the Raleigh Fitkin Memorial Hospital and Nazarene Nursing School in Bremersdorp, Swaziland in the 1950’s[3].   Her missionary work, like Fitkins, began with a â€Å"calling† from God.   Davis built churches, preached her sermon, and brought the Nazarene form of faith to Swaziland and to the whole of South Africa and, following also in the footsteps of Florence Nightingale, she began a movement of teaching Swazi women how to be Christian nurses[4]. Davis lived and worked in Swaziland as a spiritual leader, the college headmaster, and as a minister in her many churches until the mid 1980’s- a career that spanned four decades and her works continue to be influential in terms of the Nazarene missions. Missionaries were not the only Nazarene members making missions. One of the most influential Nazarene members was C. Warren Jones.   Jones had become one of the executives managing foreign missions in the mid 1940’s.   Under his leadership, the Nazarene Church raised more than one-million dollars to support their missions.   His influence was felt throughout the world as the money raised became the foundation of countless churches, the travel and living expenses of missionaries, and the foundation of the Nazarene schools and colleges[5]. These people, and countless others, worked together over the past one-hundred years of the Nazarene church have built a legacy of missionary work.   What began with a small number of missions has become a sweeping program of ministry, education, health-care, social services, and all forms of community involvement both domestically and abroad.   As a true world-wide organization, the Nazarene Church succeeds in bringing together Christians from nearly every nation into a singular network that has no national anchor. The missionary work now centers on exactly the same mission as when the church started, â€Å"To make (form and bring into being through transforming grace) Christlike (holy, righteous) disciples (continual, reproductive followers of Christ) in the nations (a sent, international church). A Church whose primary motive is to glorify God,[6]†.   To that end, the Nazarene Church also maintains radio and television programs, supports Christian film productions, operates publishing houses throughout the world, manages youth-ministries, and health clinics[7]. The Nazarene Church began with a very clear intent – to spread the Word of God throughout the world in following the Great Commission.   In this, the Nazarenes have been exceptionally successful.   Their work and their missionaries have demonstrated a true zeal for their pursuit and have demonstrated an unwavering conviction. Their Wesleyan / Holiness foundation made the Nazarene church uniquely ideologically and scripturally suited to the kind of missionary work they do now.   By placing themselves in the places of greatest need in the world, they have also succeeded in walking the walk of the true spiritual guide to those in need.   Each member has been tasked with one primary goal – not to raise money, not to falsely inflate their sense of purpose, but to guide others to embrace God and Christ. Bibliography Corbett, C.T. Our Pioneeer Nazarenes. Kansas City, MO: Holiness Data Ministry, August 1997 Edition. Cowles, C.S. A Woman’s Place? Kansas City, KS: Beacon Hill Press of Kansas City, 2002 Elliott, Susan. â€Å"The Legacy of Dorothy Davis Cook†. International Bulletin of Missionary Research, (2004), 13:2. Miller, Basil. Twelve Early Nazarenes, Kansas City, MO: Holiness Data Ministry, April 1998 Edition. Nazarene World Mission, Go†¦Into All the World; available from http://www.nazareneworldmission.org/regions.aspx.; Internet, accessed 30 April 2007. How to cite Missions of the Church of the Nazarene, Essay examples

Same Sex MarriagesCall

Same Sex MarriagesCall-To-Act Speech Essay Imagine you have fallen in love with the person of your dreams, and the two of you have discussed it and have decided to get married. Now imagine that the person you wish to marry is of a different race. It wouldnt be a big deal, right? Well, if this situation had occurred about 50 years ago, it would have been a huge deal. Just a generation ago, many states banned mixed marriages. Seems absurd, doesnt it? Discriminating against an individual like that because of the color of their skin? This is a situation in America that I am sure all of you are familiar with, and most all of us I am sure agree that just because a person has different colored skin does not make them any different on the inside. We dont discriminate against minorities because of their color of their skin, so why is it that we now discriminate against gays and lesbians because of what is in their hearts? It is the same type of discrimination, and it needs to be stopped. How do we go about doing that, you ask? Dont worry, I am not going to be unrealistic and ask you to become a gay-rights activist and make supporters of all of your friends and family. I am just going to ask you to do your small part to help give homosexuals the ability to marry. It is unfair to deny them this right, and together we need to act in order to give them this right, this equality, that they deserve. As I have told you all in my last two speeches, there are legal rights and benefits that come with marriage that homosexuals are being denied. According to the American Civil Liberties Union, many of the benefits of marriage that homosexuals are denied include: government benefits like Social Security and Medicare; hospital visitation rights; special rates and exemptions on tax returns; joint child custody; joint insurance policies; automatic inheritance in the absence of a will; making medical decisions on a partners behalf; and choosing a final resting place for a deceased partner. While none of these are reasons to get married, they are all benefits and perks that homosexuals should not be denied simply because of their choice of a partner. They are rights that homosexuals are entitled to and deserve, and are rights that they would be able to benefit from if same-sex marriages were legalized. When you put yourself in their shoes, as I have had you do in my past speeches, it is clear to see that they deserve these rights as much as heterosexual couples do, and that their choice of partner should not affect these basic rights. I am sure you are all still asking yourselves just how YOU can make a difference. Well, you could become active in a gay-rights group, you could organize a rally in Red Square, you could even collect signatures and attempt to gain enough support to put the issue on the ballot for the next elections. But lets be realistic here. We are all students, and are busy with the stress of finals and even graduation for some. The minute that school ends, all we are going to be thinking about is laying out in the sun, taking advantage of three months (or even the rest of your lives) without homework. So who has the time or energy to do any of the things I just suggested? That is why I am just going to ask you to become a supporter by signing a document called the Marriage Resolution. This is a resolution formed and monitored by a group called The Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund. The marriage resolution, according to the Partners Task Force for Gay and Lesbian Couples, reads as follows: Because marriage is a basic human right and an individual personal choice, RESOLVED, the State should not interfere with same-gender couples who choose to marry and share fully and equally in the rights, responsibilities, and commitment of civil marriage. According to Evan Wolfson, the Director of the Marriage Project of the La mbda Legal Defense and Education Fund, the resolution is aimed to: help promote the .

Thursday, April 30, 2020

James Bond Essays - Startup Cult, Frankie Laine Discography

It was 11 o?clock and I was feeling warm and was full up after eating dinner and I went to sleep thinking it was going to be a good day. I guess I was wrong very wrong. At 3 o?clock in the morning I suddenly heard a bang and it felt like everything around me hit a soft ground like mud. I suddenly heard the sound of skidding tyres and a rawr of an engine speeding away as if they were in a rush to get away from something. During that time I was wondering why I was hearing this as my dad fitted double-glazing windows in my room which where sound proof. I then realised that I began to get a shiver up my spine and I was getting goose bumps, I then thought that it was very cold; it was like I was just standing out in a field at the middle of the night. I then thought that it was very dark and it was normally a little light coming through my window, as there were streetlights outside my house. It felt like my eyes were not even open I panicked and rushed to feel my eyes with my hands but they where open, I realised that my hands where muddy and wet and It had a horrible smell to them which ran up my nose making me cringe. I went to sit up when my head hit a wood surface making me lay back down in discomfort. That began to make me wonder what was happening. I felt around me and it appeared to me that I was stuck in a wood rectangle. All I could feel was rough wood that every time I rubbed my hands on it gave me splinters which sent a sense of pain going up my veins. I could see nothing, which made me panic even more as I could not see my surroundings. I had I mild panic attract, as I was very scared of small spaces. It then began to hit me that I was in serious trouble. When I hit the top of this box I could hear the sound of mud on top and the same all around the box, I was trying to think about what was happening to me but the silence was deafening, it even made me feel like I was going to faint and be sick. While I was trying to recover and get my mind straight I herd something at the bottom of the box I heard something rattling, It was like there was mini footsteps but my mind just blanked it out. I could smell something, which was like a rotten apple, which has been left for a long time. I am wondering about my family and that they probably don?t know that this has happened to me and they are still sleeping safely at home but then I wonder if this happened to them as well and that they are experiencing this. But then another side of me thinks that they could have done this to me and that they did not like me. But the main reason shooting through my mind was that it was a practical joke and that in any minute they are going to take this lid off and let me go. By this time my whole body has gone numb because of the freezing cold inside the box, I should have been worrying about get hypothermia but I could not think about any think. I attempted to think about where I could be so I went over every think that I can touch and smell and hear, so the first thing was that I was in a wood box and It seemed like I was under a layer of mud which was patted down tightly, the second thing was that it was cold so that goes with my theory of being underground because heat would be trapped. While I was thinking about all this I could hear in the background something scratching on to the wood until it stopped, then I heard a sound, which sounded like little foot steps getting closer and closer until it stopped, then

Monday, April 13, 2020

How to Summarize Essay Review Students

How to Summarize Essay Review StudentsIf you are considering writing a summary essay, the best place to start is with an essay sample that was created by the University of Michigan. These samples are used in the essay writing classes at the University of Michigan because it is the best guide available to make sure that you can write a good summary essay and a good conclusion to your essay.The Michigan U of M research team has studied the subject of summarizing. They created many different versions of the summary and analysis essay sample for use in the essay writing class.The summaries are great because they show you exactly what you are supposed to write in the conclusion section. They are designed in such a way that it is easy to understand what you are going to say, and you will be able to finish your assignment without much trouble. This is because all you need to do is simply read the summary and follow the directions given for you to write a better conclusion.Once you get throu gh the Michigan U of M sample essay sample, you will be able to finish your assignment without any problems. In fact, it will be one of the easiest assignments you have ever done.You will find that the summary by the University of Michigan contains sections that help you to summarize information from the essay that you have completed. The summary section will give you the exact information that you need to write a conclusion. The information contained in the summary also includes a link to the source to take you to the online guide that contains all the information that you need to finish your assignment.When you get through the Michigan U of M review essay sample, you will find that you have been able to simplify your assignment. You will be able to enjoy the advantage of not having to spend extra time studying the information in your essay, and you will be able to finish the assignment in less than an hour. All you have to do is go through the guide to the summary and focus on wri ting a good conclusion to your essay.This article is written for people who want to write a summary essay. It is also helpful for those who are writing an analysis essay and wish to create a summary. Once you get through the summary essay sample, you will find that you will have a chance to finish your assignment in little time.

Saturday, March 21, 2020

The Women of the Great Gatsby

The Women of the Great Gatsby Free Online Research Papers F Scott Fitzgerald was actually quite pro the emancipated women based on an analysis of the characters of women he portrays. Three female archetypes of femininity are given. All three characters of Jordon Baker, Daisy Buchanan, and Myrtle Wilson in varying degrees range from very liberated to oppressed. The Great Gatsby was written during the first wave of feminism. The great achievement of that era was the passing of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, the right for women to vote. In retrospect the liberations that took place during this time period pale in comparison with the outcomes of the modern day third wave of feminism. Yet for that time it was radical. With this change the behavior and dress style of women changed as well. The paradigm of thought was that â€Å"Women were the guardians of morality; they were made of finer stuff than men and were expected to act accordingly.† (Allen pg.76, 1931) This ideal very much contrasted with the ne w lewd and wanton archetype of the flapper. â€Å"The flappers wore thin dresses, short sleeved and occasionally (in the evening) sleeveless†. (Allen pg.77, 1931) Women emulated the flapper in style, and in some regions of the country in behavior. Jordon Baker is ultimately Fitzgerald’s golden girl. She is born free with haughty and bratty mannerisms. Within the course of the novel her hands stay clean. She is neither an adulteress, mistress, nor a murderer. Her lifestyle is one of a socialite golfer. She can choose to either be married or stay single. She is not constrained by economic burdens that would push her into matrimony for the sake of economic gain. Thus her life is carefree. She keeps the bourgeois Nick Carraway as a companion even though marriage with him is out of the question. Her body type is that of the flapper, â€Å"She was a slender, small breasted girl, with an erect carriage, which she accentuated by throwing her body backward at the shoulders like a young cadet.† (Fitzgerald, 1925) Nick picked up on the fact that Jordon’s disposition was masculine and rational; she was a player on and off the golf course. â€Å"Jordan Baker instinctively avoided clever, shrewd men, and now I saw that this was because she felt safer on a plane where any divergence from a code would be thought impossible. She was incurably dishonest. She wasn’t able to endure being at a disadvantage and given this unwillingness, I suppose she had begun dealing in subterfuges when she was very young in order to keep that cool, insolent smile turned to the world and yet satisfy the demands of her hard, jaunty body.† (Fitzgerald, 1925) In comparison to the plight of the other characters she walks away all limbs intact and is not an active participant of any of the tragic events that unfolded. She is the smart and strategic golf player who stays safe. She marries a man that she chooses and is left to be a player with acumen. Daisy Buchanan was trapped in a marriage to a violent and sexist brute of a man, Tom Buchanan. She is quite a contrast to the bold Jordan Baker. She has an unstable and flighty disposition. Even though Tom is an old money Yale man he is not her true love. She gave up on waiting for her true love Gatsby because he did not come from old money. Daisy tolerates Tom’s philandering ways. She carries on with an open affair with Gatsby to even the score with Tom who carries on an affair with Myrtle Wilson.â€Å"It was quite another thing for a man or women in whom the ideal of romantic marriage had been ingrained since early childhood to tolerate infidelities when they actually took place.† (pg.104 Allen, 1931). This quote summarizes why Daisy allowed Tom’s adulterous ways. Despite this being the era in which the first wave of feminism took place, being divorced in high society was not acceptable behavior. Daisy gives in to the paradigms of marriage in 1920â₠¬â„¢s society. In the midst of this she loses a bit of her sanity and her true love. Alcoholism plays a part in Daisy’s flighty disposition. She held on to Gatsby in her heart till the very day she stepped to the altar with Tom. â€Å"Here deares. She groped around in a waste-basket she had with her on the bed and pulled out the strings of pearls.†Take ‘em down-stairs and give ‘em back to whoever they belong to. Tell ‘em Daisy’s change’ her mine. Say; Daisy’s change her mine!† (Fitzgerald, 1925). She wanted to break free, but she did not have the strength or social support to run from the marriage. Jordon is quite cognizant to Daisy’s opposition, yet enables the proceedings of the wedding to take place. Gatsby was no where to be found. She allows herself to be entrapped. Daisy has no lofty aspirations to be a liberated woman. â€Å"I’m glad it’s a girl. And I hope she’ll be a fool-that’s the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool.† (pg.85 Fitzgerald, 1925). She still has a very childlike way of approaching life and communicating with her spouse. Gatsby is a catalyst and extracts conflict out of Daisy. Without the conflict she would very gladly go about life in her childish oblivion, with Tom as her keeper. Myrtle Wilson is the most tragic character of all. She is the most oppressed one. Daisy has economic and social mobility. Myrtle is poor and married to an earnest man, who does love her, yet Tom Buchanan provides her with things her husband can not as his mistress. The double life she leads is not conducive towards her well being. She tolerates abuse from Tom and does not even have the security of being his wife. â€Å"Daisy! Daisy! Daisy! Shouted Mrs. Wilson. ‘I’ll say it whenever I want to! Daisy! Dai-. Making a short deft movement, Tom Buchanan broke her nose with his open hand.† In the end Myrtle dies in a strange twist of feet in a vehicular accident with Daisy in the car she was hit by. â€Å"The first requirement of mental health was to have an uninhibited sex life. If you would be well and happy, you must obey your libido.† (Allen,1931). Jordan, Daisy, and Myrtle do just that. Fitzgerald makes Jordon the actual golden girl. She engages in lascivious behavior. Yet it is how she goes about it is the difference in the quality of her character. This is why Fitzgerald keeps her character out of trouble. Daisy and Myrtle fulfill their libido through adulterous means. Jordon stays single and plays the field. She breaks no marriage vows; she just breaks the mold and sets a new standard in regards to feminine paradigms. Her class and athletic ability allow her to do so. Jordon is ultimately the grounded lady albeit a maverick for her time, she still keeps grace and composure through out the novel. Thus is the difference between her and the other main female characters. Reference List 1) Fitzgerald, F.Scott (1925). The Great Gatsby. Ney York, NY: Simon Schuster. 2) Lewis, Frederick (1931). Only Yesterday. New York, NY: Harper Row. Research Papers on The Women of the Great GatsbyThe Fifth Horseman19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyThe Hockey GameResearch Process Part OneThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsThe Spring and AutumnHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product

Thursday, March 5, 2020

Definition and Examples of Standard British English

Definition and Examples of Standard British English The term Standard British English customarily refers to a variety of the English language thats generally used in professional communication  in Britain (or, more narrowly defined, in England or in southeast England) and taught in British schools. Also known as  standard English English or  British Standard English (BrSE). Although no formal body has ever regulated the use of English in Britain, a fairly rigid model of Standard British English has been taught in British schools since the 18th century. Standard British English is sometimes used as a synonym for Received Pronunciation (RP). John Algeo notes, however, that despite numerous differences in pronunciation, American English resembles present standard British English more closely than it does any other British type of speech (The Origins and Development of the English Language, 2014). Examples and Observations [D]uring the 18th and 19th centuries publishers and educationalists defined a set of grammatical and lexical features which they regarded as correct, and the variety characterized by these features later came to be known as Standard English. Since English had, by the 19th century, two centres, Standard English came to exist in two varieties: British and US. These were widely different in pronunciation, very close in grammar, and characterized by small but noticeable differences in spelling and vocabulary. There were thus two more or less equally valid varieties of Standard English- British Standard and US Standard. . . . [T]here is no such thing (at present) as a Standard English which is not British or American or Australian, etc. There is no International Standard (yet), in the sense that publishers cannot currently aim at a standard which is not locally bound. (Gunnel Melchers and Philip Shaw, World Englishes: An Introduction. Arnold, 2003) The Perceived Prestige of British English [D]uring most of the 20th century Europeans preferred British English, and European instruction in English as a foreign language followed the norms of British English in pronunciation (specifically RP), lexical choice, and spelling. This was a result of proximity, the effective methods of language teaching developed by British institutions such as the British Council, and the perceived prestige of the British variety. As American English grew more influential in the world, it became an option alongside British English in mainland Europe and elsewhere. For a while, especially during the second half of the 20th century, a prominent attitude was that either variety was acceptable for a learner of English as long as each variety was kept distinct. The idea was that one could speak British English or American English but not a random mix of the two.(Albert C. Baugh and Thomas Cable, A History of the English Language, 5th ed. Prentice Hall, 2002)The prestige of  British English is  oft en assessed . . . in terms of its purity (a baseless notion) or its elegance and style (highly subjective but nonetheless powerful concepts). Even those Americans who are put off by posh accents may be impressed by them and hence likely to suppose that standard British English is somehow better English than their own variety. From a purely linguistic point of view, this is nonsense, but it is a safe bet that it will survive any past or future loss of British influence in world affairs.(John Algeo and Carmen A. Butcher,  The Origins and Development of the English Language, 7th ed. Wadsworth,  2014)   Irregular Verbs The researchers [using a new online tool developed by Google with the help of scientists at Harvard University] were also able to trace how words had changed in English, for example a trend that started in the US towards more regular forms of verbs from irregular forms like burnt, smelt and spilt. The [irregular] forms still cling to life in British English. But the -t irregulars may be doomed in England too: each year, a population the size of Cambridge adopts burned in lieu of burnt, they wrote. America is the worlds leading exporter of both regular and irregular verbs.(Alok Jha, Google Creates a Tool to Probe Genome of English Words for Cultural Trends. The Guardian, December  16, 2010)

Monday, February 17, 2020

Location analysis and group work daily Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Location analysis and group work daily - Essay Example The other advantage is that in terms of flow of traffic within the site, this has made it possible to maintain its market appeal to the customers (Blackaby, 2009). As a group, we performed relatively well. Several issues came up in the course of the meeting and it affected the way in which we completed the task. The lecturer required that we form our own groups that we would all be comfortable working with. This we did, and it was convenient to us because we had similar background in terms of the course we studied at the university and this made us to cope well. In addition, we had worked previously together in group work for other subjects that we studied together. In the course of the group work, several issues manifested themselves as we worked together. Time management was not accomplished well because some group members lived far away from the university and therefore, the time that we had agreed on was at no particular adhered to and we obviously had to accommodate all group members in order to work as a team. Conflict in the process of group work was a big issue that arose. At times, the participants in the group openly attacked each other and this at one point brought the discussion to a halt for some time. The way the group members stated some major points during the discussion brought out both the negative and positive criticism. Despite all these challenges, we were finally able to complete the assignment on time. What I would change to the process. For the group members who were not living within the university, I would ensure that we set the time that is convenient to them and comfortable to us as a team. I would convince other group members to agree on a time limit in which the discussion would take. For instance, one hour for each meeting scheduled to take place so as to allow the affected persons to attend and leave the meeting at their own pleasure. In the issue of conflict, I as the group leader would ensure that if there were any disagreements, they would be constructive and not directed to any particular person. I would also ensure that there was room for free expression of thoughts while coordinating the group and encourage criticism (Hansen, et al 2002). How to improve performance as a group. I as the group leader would manage the group well for it to work effectively. I would ensure that the set aims and objectives of the group work are incorporated from each and every member. For example, all participants in the group would make contributions in the setting of aims and objectives. This would help each individual develop personally .The group would also benefit as a whole. Other benefits would be to that the participants would learn academically. We would also ensure that the responsibilities that we adapt help us to achieve the desired success together. My individual role and contribution. My group members

Monday, February 3, 2020

United Nations and International Peace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

United Nations and International Peace - Essay Example International peace is a prerequisite to any country's progress and prosperity that determines the country's development both in terms of social and economic aspects. For decades, terrorism has been a nightmare for countries, which will collapse the economic and social set up of a country and hurdle its economic growth and development. At this juncture, the present essay is relevant as it deals with the role of United Nation's role in preserving and encouraging peace among the member countries. The essay further examines the role of the UN in monitoring and maintaining peace across the world as an international agency in the context of its powers. The essay takes a critical approach to the success and failure of UN in international peace with real examples such as Rwanda, Iraq and Kosovo. The essay is concluded with a short debate on the present role and significance of the UN to contribute to international peace. United Nations came into existence on 24 October in 1945by virtue of the Charter ratified by China, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, the United States and a majority of other signatories. "The Charter of the United Nations was signed on 26 June 1945, in San Francisco, at the conclusion of the United Nations Conference on International Organization, and came into force on 24 October 1945. The Statute of the International Court of Justice is an integral part of the Charter" (Introductory Note). The day October 24 is celebrated each year all over the world as UN Day. The basic idea behind setting up of such an organization is to work for peace and development by bringing all countries together in harmony. According to the Charter, the UN has four purposes: to maintain international peace and security; to develop friendly relations among nations; to cooperate in solving international problems and in promoting respect for human rights; and to be a centre for harmonizing the a ctions of nations (Article 1). As regards the membership is concerned, the Charter states that "membership in the United Nations is open to all other peace-loving states which accept the obligations contained in the present Charter and, in the judgment of the Organization, are able and willing to carry out these obligations" (Article 4). The top most official of the UN is the Secretary General and Ban Ki-moon of the Republic of Korea, the eighth Secretary-General, holds the position at present. The operations of the UN are regulated by different departments. A brief account of the structure of UN in general is outlined below: The General Assembly The Security Council The Economic and Social Council The Trusteeship Council The International Court of Justice The Secretariat The UN System The Role and Powers of UN in International Peace One of the main areas of concern of the UN is the preservation of world peace. International peace and harmony have been in the agenda f the UN since its inception. By signing the Charter, member states/countries undertake to take efforts to avoid crisis situations between countries and tackling of disputes by peaceful means. Since it inception, the UN has been playing a major role in helping defuse and eliminate international crisis and in resolving protracted conflicts. In its efforts to harmonize the member countries, the UN has experienced both successful and disappointing outcomes. Over the years UN efforts

Sunday, January 26, 2020

Case study Mental Illness and Addiction

Case study Mental Illness and Addiction Describe substance abuse and how it differs from substance dependence. Substance abuse is when an individual Overindulgences in an addictive substance (New Oxford American Dictionary. According to the Neurobiological Causes of Addiction, substance abuse is a Maladaptive pattern of drug use leading to impairment or distress presenting as one or more of the following in a 12 month period of time (Erickson Wilcox 2001): Recurrent use leading to failure to fulfill major obligations Recurrent use which is physically hazardous Recurrent drug-related legal problems Continued use despite social or interpersonal problems and the person has never met the criteria for substance dependence (Erickson Wilcox 2001). A person that has a substance dependence is when an individual uses a substance despite the negative affects that may occur, such as: withdrawal, and compulsive behavior. According to Erickson, Drug dependence is a maladaptive pattern of drug use, leading to impairment or distress, presenting as three or more of the following in a 12 month period (Erickson Wilcox 2001): Tolerance to the drugs actions Withdrawal Drug is used more then intended Inability to control drug use Effort is expended to obtain the drug Important activities are replaced by drug use Drug use continues in spite of negative consequences When an individual has a dependence to a substance the individual has a psychological and physical attachment with the substance. It is this link between the drug and the body / mind that can have devastating and lasting effects on the individual who has the dependence. 5 pts Some recovery/treatment programs stress total abstinence as a goal, while other advocate harm reduction. What are the advantages/disadvantages of each approach? Abstinence is like to what it sounds the individual is not allowed to partake in the substance that they are addicted to, and these types of programs are effective, but the individual has to be willing to devote themselves to the program. Some of the advantages of abstinence can include getting the individual healthy physically and mentally. The positive side of abstinence is that the individual is no longer destroying personal property and committing crimes to finance their addiction. Therefore, abstinence keeps people out of the legal system including serving time for criminal crimes and dealing with the court system for loosing custody of their children. 12 step recovery groups such as AA and NA advocate for abstinence to give people what they call, Recovery and a change for a better life that is free from active addiction (Personal communication, Wright. J, 2010) Abstinence provides a support group that allows the addiction to be normalized, and allow the individual to link up with other people who are slaves to a dependency. The individual is able to have an since of empowerment by being surrounded by others, who are able to keep the individual in check on their addiction and personal goals. The disadvantages of abstinences, Are most disturbing is the way abstinence can segregate mentally ill persons from being able to engage in treatment. This is because many people have diagnoses that require Benzodiazepines, Amphetamines and even Methadone which treatment providers believe to be highly addictive. There is a theory that a person in treatment can engage in services if they are high on prescriptions (Personal communication Wright. J. 2010) The main program for abstinence is AA or NA and they are based on spirituality, this could be a conflict for some of the individuals who are in treatment, because there religion may contradict that of the programs. It is also important to remember that the individual has to want to change their life for this program to work. AA and NA also tell the individual that they have no power over their addiction, it does not allow the individual to have a feeling and since of empowerment. It seems to take the power away for the individual and p uts all the focus on the addiction. Also AA and NA preaches the idea that you have to go to the meetings every day and that you will always be an addict and that you can never be without the addiction and that you can never over come the addiction. Also they have to be willing to alter their lives and commit themselves to the program: fully. Harm reduction is a good alturnative to abstinence for individuals who cannot stop their use because they are psychologically dependance to the substance. Harm reductions can include such ideas and concepts like, using the substance less, using the drug every Wednesday or even changing out their needles for clean ones. Some of the following are advantages and disadvantages according to the 2007 Journal of Drug Issues in English and American Drug Clients (K. Phillips, h. Rosenburg A. Sanikop). Harm Reduction Advantages and Disadvantages Interventions Advantages Disadvantages Methadone Reduces/eliminates/stabilizes illicit drug use facilities detox/relives withdrawal More addictive and worse withdrawal then heroin, Substituting one addiction for another. Substitute Amphetamines Known potency, Content.Decrease need for street drugs. Crime reduction Could encourage to use more on top and OD Diversion to black markets. Needle Exchange Disease Prevention, Removes temptation to share or reuse (needles) Disease Prevention Lower rates of AIDS and STI Community harm/inappropriate disposal, Makes it easier to inject. Encourages use Drop in Centers Safer environment NOS, OD prevention/ Prevents harm treatment facilitation Encourages drug use/Risk compensation. Place where drugs can be sold. Lofexidine Eases pain of withdrawal non-opiate alternative Encourages detox/eases withdrawal Doesnt help enough with the withdrawal symptoms Drug has specific side effects Naltrexone Temptation resistance Relapse prevention because use is waste of money Relapse Prevention/ helps user quit, blocks the effects of Heroin Can be used as a weapon, Clients wont take it In the states, Harm Reduction therapy has a stigma attached to it that some clinical practices and professionals have attached to it, detouring individuals with substance abuse issues to use Harm Reduction. This type of therapy also does not assist with co-occurring dependancies that the individual may have. It tends to focus on the chemical that the individual is addicted to and not the cause of the dependancy. It does not allow for the individual to isolate and get to the root of the problem, however, it does save money in the medical and prison systems. The needle exchange, was started after the out break of HIV and AIDS and the number of individuals who were diagnosed with HIV and AIDS has gone down since the needle exchange was influenced. As well as the number of individuals who are in prison for substance abuse has gone down because there are treatment programs that include methadone that can help the individual come off their addiction to an opiate. 5 pts Alcoholism has been described as a bio-psycho-social disorder. If you were performing an assessment of a defendant what factors would you look for in the client history? Bio-psycho-social is broken down into the following: Biological Addiction: is addiction that runs in the families and there maybe genetic involved in the process of addictions, but some of the individuals have a biological predisposition to addiction Psychological Addiction: That addiction is a learned behavior. This can include, domestic violence and learning how to use a drug. One becomes obsessed by the PLEASURE that the substance can provide. Social Aspect: Environments that individuals grow up in and that environment may reinforce addictive behaviors. It is these concepts that create the bio-psycho-social theory, it is an idea that is steeped in the theory of person in environment. It takes in account the individuals biology, psychological health and social wellbeing and support to fully understand the root of the persons addiction. According to the Handbook of Forensic Mental Health ( D. Springer A. Roberts 2007 p. 350-352) the following are questions and information that you have to gather in order to be able to fully complete an assessment: Presenting Problems: Record current problems as reported by the youth, family, referral source and any pertinent others, Include the history and development of the problem, circumstances surrounding the problem and the previous attempts to solve the problem. Development (birth to current age): describe prenatal care, birth, achievements of developmental milestones, delays and birth defects. Family Background: describe the family constellation, family functioning and communication. Include socioeconomic, educational and occupational information. Describe family childrearing and parenting tactics. Academic History: Describe previous diagnoses and the history of psychological problems and services. Include medication history and any history of self-injurious behaviors and or suicide attempts. Psychological History: Describe previous diagnoses and the history of psychological problems and services include medication history and any history of self-injurious behaviors and or suicide attempts. Substance Abuse History: Describe the youths use and abuse of all substances; include the length, method, and location of use and the families history of substance use. Juvenile Justice or Legal History: Describe previous encounters with the juvenile justice system and the history of illegal behaviors and status offense. include timeline, type, and circumstances of offense as well as the family history of legal problems. Violence and Abuse History: Detail psychological, verbal, physical, and sexual abuse of the youth and include a timeline. Identify perpetrators and describe whether the abuse occurred in or outside of the family. Describe any family or dating violence that the youth perpetrated. include any other traumas that the youth was exposed to. Medical History: Describe the history of medical conditions diseases and medication of youth Include the family history. Cultural History: Identify the ethnicity and rase of the youth and family include any issues noted regarding bicultural identity, immigration status, language barriers, acculturation and discrimination. Lethality: Clearly identify any concerns with lethality of the youth either towards him or herself or others and describe the plan for addressing this lethality. Bio-psycho-social is a holistic approach when dealing with an individuals addictive behavior. It is based on a continuum approach, that is supported by a since of empowerment. It allows the individual to understand why they many have started to be addicted to a substance that is plaguing them, and gives them the tools that is needed to understand their addiction and how to prevent themselves from relapsing. 5 pts Historically, a number of theories or models of alcoholism have evolved. What are these models and what is their relevance for today? These models give a guideline and help create an understanding in why people become addicted to specific substances. These models range from biological reasoning to environmental, but they are all linked in trying to discover why people become addicted to substances: they all strive to create a public understanding of addiction. They do not try to make excuses for those who are addicted, but they try to understand why addiction occurs. Theoretical Models of Alcohol/Drug Abuse From the Concepts of Chemical Dependency by: H. Doweiko Moral Model Temperance Model Spiritual Model Dispositional Disease Model Core Element The individual is viewed as choosing to use alcohol in problematic manner This model advocates the use of alcohol in moderate manner Drunkenness is a sight that the individual has slipped from his or her intended path in life. The person who becomes addicted to alcohol is somehow different from the nonalcoholic. The alcoholic might be said to allergic to alcohol Educational Model Characterological Model General Systems Model Medical Model Core Element Alcohol problems are caused by a lack of adequate knowledge about harmful effects of this chemical Problems with alcohol use are based on abnormalities in the personality structure of the individual Personal behavior must be viewed within context of social system in which they live The individual use of alcohol is based on biological predispositions such as his or her genetic heritage brain physiology and so on. (Harold Doweiko. 2009. pp. 30) The models that have the most relevance for today has to be the medical model and the general systems model. Because by looking at the person in a holistic way we can understand that the individual is affect by addiction in three ways: biologically, psychologically, and socially and those two theories envelop those ideals. I think that when you understand the individuals biological and social characteristics, you will understand there addiction. 5 pts In describing the neurobiology of addiction, the term neuroplasticity is used to describe what brain process? Neuroplasticity is when the brain is altered due to chemicals, and it is forced to change in order to adapt to the chemical. When the chemical has been removed from the individual withdrawal starts to occur, because the brain has a difficult time functioning without the substance it has been forced to adapt to. Because the brain is good at making adjustments the body is capable of adapting to the toxic chemical, and the body learns how to function with the additive. Without the chemical the body has to alter itself to relearn how to function without the chemical. 5 pts Dr. Eugene Prochaska has developed a treatment approach based on Stages of Change. What is the thinking behind this model and how it is used in treating substance abusers? The purpose of this model is to understand how the cognitive and behavioral approaches affect the individual who is addicted to chemicals. According to Porchaska the, Purpose (of) the transtheoretical model (TTM) of health behavior seeks to bridge the cognitive and the behaviorist approaches by positing a series of stages in modifying behavior; in only some of these are cognitive processes pertinent and The model includes four main constructs: the sequential stages of change; processes which people typically use to facilitate change; decisional balance, which predicts whether change will occur; and self- efficacy, the persons confidence they can make changes (Prochaska. 1985. pp. 1). Stages of Change Stages of Change and the Transtheoretical Model By: E. Prochaska Stages Description Pre-contemplation The person has no intent in changing the behavior, usually within the next six months. This maybe due to lack of information or confidence. The person is unmotivated and will resist discussing or thinking about making the change. They are not ready for interventions. Contemplation The person expresses and intention to take action within six months. They are aware of the benefits and cost of making the change and this balance may keep them in the phase for a long time. They are not ready for an intervention that expects immediate action. Preparation The person intends to take action in the immediate future. They typically have a plan of action and they have taken some preparatory action. They are ready for traditional action interventions Action The person has specific changes to their lifestyle Maintenance The person works to prevent relapse; during this phase their confidence increases as they continue with their new lifestyle. Termination In principle the maintenance stage will lead to a phase in which the person is no longer tempted to revert to their former behavior and the change is complete. This model suggest that in order to over come an addiction you have to go though a linear model. I do not think that the individual with the substance abuse has to go though all these steps in order to kick the habit. I also believe that this model places all the blame on the individual because it does not take into account the individual biology and or the environment that the individual is surrounded by. The thinking behind this model is that these are the stages that an individual who has a substance abuse dependency must go though in order to become clean and if they are able to follow this model they will finally be able to kick the habit. 5 pts How is crystal meth different from other stimulants such as cocaine? What are some of the long-term effects associated with meth use? According to the Powerpoint provided by the Department of Health and Human Services (SHMHSA) the differences between methamphetamine and cocaine are: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Cocaine effects: 1 to 2 hours. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Methamphetamine effects: 8 to 12 hours. More intense rush or initial pleasure (I would add.) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Withdrawal from methamphetamine can cause more intense symptoms and last longer. The Long term psychological effects of using meth are: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Confusion à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Loss of ability to concentrate and organize information à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Loss of ability to feel pleasure without the drug à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Paranoia à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Insomnia and fatigue à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Mood swings à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Irritability and anger à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Depression à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Anxiety and panic disorder à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Reckless, unprotected sexual behavior The more sever psychological effects can include: Hallucinations Severe depression that can lead to suicidal thoughts or attempts Episodes of sudden, violent behavior Severe memory loss that may be permanent The chronic physical effects are: Tremor Weakness Dry mouth Weight loss/malnutrition Increased sweating Oily skin Sores Headaches Severe problems with teeth and gums Sever Physical: Seizures Damaged blood vessels in the brain/stroke Damaged brain cells Irregular heartbeat/sudden death Heart attack or chronic heart problems Kidney failure Liver failure Tweaking Infected skin sores 5 pts â‚ ¬Ã‚ ³Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ µÃ¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ³Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ µ Citations Department of Health and Human Services. SHMHSA.(Year unknown) Session 4: methamphetamine and cocaine, TCRIM 361 Summer 2010. University of Washington Tacoma. Doweiko, H. (2009). Concepts of chemical dependency: psychological models of substance use disorders. Brooks/cole cengage learning. Belmont CA. ISB: 13-978-049550580-8 Erickson, Carlton K. and Wilcox, Richard E.(2001) Neurobiological causes of addiction, journal of social work practice in the addictions, 1: 3, 7 22 DOI: 10.1300/J160v01n03_02 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/ J160v01n03_02 Phillips, K., Rosenberg, H., Sanikop, A. (2007). English and american drug clients view of the acceptably, advantages and disadvantages of treatment and harm reduction interventions. Journal of Drug issues, 37(2), 377-402. Retrieved from Academic Search Complete database. Prochaska, J. (1985). Stages of change and the transtheoretical model. Springer W., Roberts A., (2007) Handbook of forensic mental health with victims and offenders: assessment, treatment, and research. Springer Series on Social Work. New York. ISBN: 0826115144 Wright. J. (2010, Aug. 8). Personal communication. University of Washington.